一、副词分类(单招基础考点,占 4%)
(一)高频考查类别(考纲明确重点)
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类别
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功能
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单招高频例词
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真题示例
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方式副词
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修饰动词(表 “怎样做”)
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quickly、slowly、carefully、well
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He runs ______ (quick).(quickly)
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程度副词
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修饰形容词 / 副词(表 “程度”)
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very、too、so、quite、enough
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The film is ______ interesting.(very)
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时间副词
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表时间
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now、yesterday、already、yet
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They have ______ arrived.(already)
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地点副词
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表地点
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here、there、everywhere
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Please come ______.(here)
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频率副词
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表动作频率
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often、usually、sometimes、never
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She ______ goes to school by bike.(often)
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否定 / 疑问副词
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表否定 / 疑问
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not、never、hardly、how
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______ do you go to Xi’an?(How)
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(二)核心区分(单招单选陷阱)
- 副词≠形容词:副词多以 “ly” 结尾(quick→quickly),但部分例外(fast 既作形容词也作副词)
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- 真题示例:He runs ______.(2023 陕西单招)
A. quick B. quickly C. quicky D. quicker
答案:B(修饰动词用副词)
二、副词基本用法(单招重点,占 8%)
(一)修饰对象与位置(改错高频考点)
- 修饰动词:多位于动词后或句末
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- 正确:She sings beautifully. / He works hard.
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- 错误:She beautiful sings. → 正确:She sings beautifully.(2022 单招改错)
- 修饰形容词 / 副词:程度副词位于被修饰词前(enough 除外,放后面)
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- 正确:very tall、so fast、good enough(足够好)
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- 真题陷阱:The box is ______ heavy for me to carry.(2024 单招)
A. too B. very C. so D. quite
答案:A(固定结构 too+adj+to do,表 “太…… 而不能”)
- 频率副词位置:be 动词后、实义动词前
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- 正确:He is often late. / She often reads books.
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- 错误:He often is late. → 正确:He is often late.
(二)常见易错点
- 误用形容词修饰动词:run quick → run quickly
- enough 位置颠倒:enough good → good enough
- 频率副词与 be 动词位置错误:often he goes → He often goes
三、副词比较级与最高级(单招重中之重,占 10%)
(一)考纲核心变化规则
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变化类型
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规则
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例词
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真题示例
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单音节副词
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加 er/est
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fast→faster→fastest、hard→harder→hardest
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Tom runs ______ than Jim.(faster)
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以 ly 结尾副词
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加 more/most
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quickly→more quickly→most quickly
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She sings ______ in the class.(most beautifully)
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不规则变化
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特殊记忆
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well→better→best、much→more→most
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He did ______ in the exam.(better)
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(二)单招必考句型
- 比较级:A + 动词 + 比较级 + than + B
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- 真题示例:This pen writes ______ than that one.(2023 陕西单招)
A. good B. better C. best D. well
答案:B(than 标志比较级,well 的比较级为 better)
- 最高级:A + 动词 + the + 最高级 + 范围词(in/of)
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- 真题示例:She studies ______ in our class.(2024 单招改编)
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest
答案:D(in our class 表范围,用最高级 + the)
(三)易错点规避
- 最高级遗漏 the:most quickly → the most quickly(2022 单招改错)
- 单音节副词误用 more:more fast → faster
- 比较级重复修饰:more better → better
四、易混淆副词(单招改错核心,占 3%)
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易混词对
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用法区别
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错误形式
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正确形式
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hard(努力地)vs hardly(几乎不)
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hard 表动作程度;hardly 表否定
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He works hardly.
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He works hard. / He hardly works.
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late(晚)vs lately(最近)
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late 表时间;lately 表 “近期”
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I came lately.
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I came late. / I have been busy lately.
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good(形容词)vs well(副词)
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good 修饰名词;well 修饰动词
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She sings good.
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She sings well.
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very(修饰 adj/adv)vs much(修饰比较级)
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very + 原级;much + 比较级
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very faster
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much faster
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五、固定搭配(单招陷阱题集中区,占 3%)
(一)考纲必记搭配
- 副词 + 介词:look carefully at(仔细看)、listen to carefully(仔细听)
- 固定句型:
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- too+adj/adv+to do(太…… 而不能)
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- so+adj/adv+that 从句(如此…… 以至于)
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- as+adj/adv+as(和…… 一样)
(二)真题示例
- He is ______ young that he can’t go to school.(2022 单招)
A. too B. so C. very D. quite
答案:B(so+adj+that 从句)
- She runs as ______ as her sister.(2023 单招)
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
答案:A(as + 原级 + as)
六、单招应试黄金技巧
- 副词判断口诀:“动后形前副修饰,be 后实前是频度,enough 特殊放后面”
- 比较级 / 最高级定位法:看到 than→用比较级;看到 in/of 短语→用最高级 + the
- 改错优先查:① 形容词修饰动词(需改为副词);② 频率副词位置;③ 最高级遗漏 the
- 真题秒杀技巧:遇到 “very + 比较级” 直接排除(正确用 much + 比较级)
七、高频易错副词对照表(单招改错必考)
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错误形式
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正确形式
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考点解析
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He runs quick.
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He runs quickly.
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修饰动词用副词
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I very like English.
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I like English very much.
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very 不能修饰动词,用 very much
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She is more taller.
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She is taller.
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比较级不能重复加 more
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This is the most good book.
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This is the best book.
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不规则变化(good→best)
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He works more hard.
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He works harder.
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单音节副词直接加 er
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